The national literacy mission has two
flagships in which the programs are the total literacy and program and the post
literacy program. It gives shape to the aims and gives an action for the bright
future to make the goals be achieved.
Both campaigns come under a single project is literacy campaigns and operation
restoration on September 30th, 1999. The NLM was initiated and first
successful literacy in Kottayam city of Kerala they are the general counsel and executive
council. In general, the council is headed by the ministry of human affairs and
the executive by the secretary. And the executive council is the directorate of
adult education provides necessary technical and resource support to the
national literacy mission authority. The total literacy campaigns are
implemented through district-level literacy committees which are registered
under the societies registration act as independent and autonomous. Continuing
education is multi-faceted and is postulated on the principles of treating
basic literacy, post-literacy, and later continuing education. This scheme aims
at addressing the socio-economic situations of the community to provide
infrastructure for larger development initiatives. The national literacy
mission has played a significant role in creating an environment where women
themselves demand knowledge and study to empower themselves. As a result of
these literacy programs, the female literacy rate during the period 1901 to
2011
The word NLM
refers to the national literacy mission authority. which was launched in 1988
and is applicable national wide and started up on May 5th,
1988 by the government of India with the approval of the cabinet minister.
The aims and
skills of national literacy mission:
This national literacy mission was mostly aiming at education. Through this national literacy mission, it aims to educate 80 million adults in the age group of 15 to 35 over eighty year period. And also it aims to separate or imparting functional literacy to non-literates.
This
NLM was established not only to make everybody
self-relevant in reading, writing, and arithmetic but also to make them
aware of the development issues that are affecting society. And this works
under the guidance of the ministry of human resources and development.
In November 2002,596 states out of 600 states are covered up with the national literacy mission(NLM). and under the total literacy campaign program. Out of which 191 were in the post-literacy phase and 238 were in the continuing education phase. The national literacy mission authority is mandated with policy and planning, developmental and promotional activities, operational functions i.e., voluntary agencies and other NGO’S, technology demonstration, leadership training, resource development including media and materials, leadership training,resource development including media and materials, research and development, monitoring and evaluation, etc.. the national literacy aim is to attain full literacy that is a sustainable threshold limit up to the level of 75 percent by 2007. this mission gives special priority to the women’s schedule caste to tribes. The key schemes of the government of India are the total literacy campaign, the post-literacy campaign, and the continuing education program. The total literacy campaign is based on area-specific, time-bound, and volunteering. The post-literacy program is based on a completed basic literacy course. And the continuing education program is based on completed basic literacy and post-literacy program. The national literacy mission works at two levels increased by 14.87 percent. This was 3.15% more compared to the male literacy rate that was 11.72% from 1901 to2011. as per the definition given by UNESCO. That literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. It involves continuous learning to enable and individuals to achieve their goals to develop their knowledge and potential and to participate fully in the wider society. The aspects of literacy are that it is not limited to reading but also involves a critical understanding of what has been read. It means personal liberation and development. And also it helps in the development of problem-solving skills. In the national literacy mission, the literate person is the one who can understand both read and write a short simple statement relevant to his everyday life. And it is the one who has acquired all the essential knowledge and skills for effective functioning in a group or community. And can read, write, and counting skills. These skills towards for the development of one’s community and oneself. The flagship program that is held under the national literacy mission is that the post-literacy aims to strengthen the literacy skills of the neo-literates. CEP aims to provide facilities like a rural library and reading room to the neo-literates and the other section of the community. Apart from other programs, vocational training was also provided to the neo-literates and other disadvantaged sections of the society through Jan Shikshan Sansthan.
And the objective of the national literacy mission is to achieve self-reliance in reading, writing, and counting. To implement the campaign of literacy in the country with an aim of bringing 80 million illiterate people into the literacy circle till 1995. And the special attention to the women and backward communities, Special focus on educating people in rural areas, to educate the adults between the age group 15 to 35 years. The benefits of the national literacy mission are that helps in educating illiterate people by teaching them to read and write. And it helps in training people on how to utilize their skills. And also it guides people in their development as well as community development. And improving the literacy rate within the country. The features of the national literacy mission are that the integrated efforts of government and non-governmental organizations. And well-trained volunteers. The time-bounded programs for the spreading literacy, and spread over the different levels like districts, block, and villages. The approach that is existed for the NLM is that the literacy mission is carried with the help of the central government along with the state government. To decentralize the process of literacy campaigns, state literacy mission authorities were established. Apart from the government agencies, NLM involved numerous volunteers and voluntary organizations in imparting education.
The major activities that are undertaken for educating people include preparation of learning material, publication of materials, creating audiovisual material, and creation of a suitable environment for education. The volunteers of NLM include young people committed to social service or ex-servicemen who are trained for educating illiterate adults. The provisions are also made for the training of panchayat members to educate illiterate people in villages. Two approaches are adopted to educating people one is an area-based approach and another is each-one-teach-one.
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